Sulfadiazine is rapidly absorbed from the gut. About 70-100 % of the oral dose is absorbed. It is about 50% plasma protein bound and 20-40% acetylated.Sulfadiazine sodium has good penetrability in the brain and is the preferred drug among the sulfonamides for meningitis.The acetylated derivatives are less soluble in urine and crystalluria is more common. The cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation.

Sulphadiazines are used to treat infections and are effective against : E.coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus mirablis, Proteus.vulgaris, Staph.aureus, Toxoplasma, H.influenzae.It can also be used in prevention of rheumatic fever, chancroid, trachoma, inclusion conjuctivitis and nocardiosis.

Routes of Administration and Dosage

Oral- For bacterial infections: Adults- 500 mg QID to2 grams TDS.Children up to 2 months of age- Use is not recommended. Children 2 months of age and older -Start with 75 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) of body weight and maintain with 150 mg/kg in 4-6

Contra Indications

Sulfadiazine is contraindicated in : Hypersensitivity to sulpha drugs,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency,renal disorders or hepatic disorders,porphyria and infants under 2 months of age.

Precautions

Special precaution to be taken in elderly, pregnancy and lactation.

Interactions

Potentiates antidiabetic effect of sulphonylureas.Potentiates oral anticoagulants, methotrexate and phenytion.Ascorbic acid and hexamine can precipitate crystalluria.

Brand Names

SULPHADIAZINE (RHONE-POULENC)

Pharmacokinetics | Indications | Routes of Administration and Dosage | Contra Indications | Precautions | Interactions | Brand Names

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