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Foramina

 

F. Caecum The foramen anterior to the Crista Galli in the base of the Skull.
F. Caecum Located at the junction of Ant 2/3 rds and Post 1/3 rd of tongue (in midline)
Epiploic Foramen Communication between Greater and lesser sacs of peritoneal cavity.
F of Langer A foramen in the axillary fascia through which the Axillary tail of Spence ( Part of Breast) passes through
F of Monro (Interventricular F) Opening of lateral ventricles into III ventricle.
F of Magendie Median aperture in the Roof of fourth Ventricle.
F of Luschka Openings of the Lateral recesses of fourth Ventricle.
F of Scarpa Incisor Foramen in the mouth.
F of Vesalii Transmits veins communicating between the Cavernous sinus to Pterygoid Plexus
F.Ovale Transmits Mandibular Nerve and Accessory Meningeal nerve
F. Rotundum Transmits Maxillary Nerve
F. Spinosum Transmits Middle Meningeal Nerve
Stylomastoid Foramen Transmits Facial Nerve
Jugular Foramen Transmits 1. Sigmoid Sinus 2. Inferior Petrosal Sinus 3. 9th, 10th, 11th cranial Nerves 4. Int. jugular vein
F. Transversarium of 6th Cervical Vertebra Transmits Vertebral Artery
 

 

Pressures

Superior Venacava 0- 6
Rt. Atrium 0-6
Right Ventricle 25/ 0- 6
Pulmonary Artery 25/ 10
Left Atrium 6- 10
Left Ventricle 80- 120/ 5- 10
Systemic Arterial 80- 120/ 60- 85
Pulmonary Arterialwedge Pressure Is indirect left Atrial Pr.
Jugular venous Pr Not more than 2- 3 Cm
Central Venous Pr.
  1. With Louis angle as reference Point
  2. With midaxillary Point as zero


0-2 Cm Low
More than 10 is High
0-5 cm low
More than 15 is High
Partial pressure of O2 (PO2) is 11-13 Kpa ( 83- 98 mm Hg) of arterial Blood
Partial Pressure of CO2 (PCO2) is 4.8-6 KPa ( 36- 46 mm Hg) of Venous Blood
Pressure of CSF In lumbar Space in Lateral position is 50-150 mm of CSF
Portal venous Pressure ( Normal) 8- 12 mm Hg
Intra- Ocular pressure ( Normal)
  1. Hepatic A
  2. Hepatic Sinusoids
  3. Hepatic Vein
  4. IVC
15- 20 mm Hg

100- 150 mm of Hg
2- 6 mm of Hg
1- 4 mm of Hg
0-2 mm of Hg

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